With artificial intelligence advancing rapidly, what will differentiate humans from future machines?

Transcript

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and many of the information processing capacities are being replicated in machines so what will differentiate humans from machines it is primarily the experiential experience there is what researchers brain researchers and philosophers call as the hard problem of consciousness and the soft problem of consciousness the soft problem of consciousness is how information is processed so that is being understood more and more which area of the brain perceives what what is there so the correlation between neural events and emotional experience the correlation that is something which is being mapped more and more exhaustively and that can advance enormously so just as there is there is neural processing of information in the human brain, there is digital processing of information in the computer so one of the models, one of the one of the analogies or metaphors used for understanding the brain is also computer just as the digital circuitry is instantiate which is 0 1 0 1 0 1 but through it information is processed, so like that neural circuitry also process information so the soft problem of consciousness is correlation the hard problem of consciousness is experience who is it that experiences rather than asking the question you know can machines become conscious we can turn the question around if machines can do everything that we humans can do without consciousness why have we been given consciousness that means say now there are America for countries that is they have drones their machines, their planes there are no human beings within them they are also using now robots to, if there are places where explosives are put we have to defuse the explosive before it detonates then they have programmed robots in high crime areas instead of sending the police they send these robots so we will be able to do this and as far as processing is concerned robots can do that remove this plug, remove this plug remove this that way defuse the bomb so that kind of thing can be done but the robot will not experience any fear the robot will not experience any joy the robot will not experience any horror emotions and the experience of emotions that is something which is of an entirely different category why is it of a different category because there is nothing in the biochemical composition of the brain that has anything that experiences see the the there is correlation and there is causation the two are different things so the major confusion in neuroscience comes because correlation and causation are confused so I will give an example what is the difference say cleaner cars last longer so this is a finding which people have made cars are unclean, unclean cars last for 5 years, clean cars last for 7 years so now cleaner cars last longer now that this is a correlation, this car was cleaner and its lifetime was longer this car was unclean, this car’s lifetime was shorter now one possibility could be that cleanliness itself is the cause of the longevity of the car but that is not necessary we have to look at the internal functioning to prove that it could also be that people who clean their cars regularly they also are better in maintaining the overall car, they do its repair regularly, they do its management regularly, they drive in a proper way so when A is there, B is there wherever A occurs B occurs, that does not necessarily mean A causes B correlation is not causation so all that we can no matter how much AI advances the advancement of artificial intelligence will lead to greater and greater capacity for processing information, in some way the capacity to process information may even exceed human capacity so for example chess playing computers they have been known to defeat even chess champions but that does not mean that the chess playing computers experience anything so there is the information processing capacity and there is the information experiencing capacity so experience requires something entirely different so the brain is a unit for processing information in terms of receiving the phenomena the mind is where the integration happens the soul is where the soul is the one who experiences so what is done in the brain, in some way it is already being done more by computers, for example if I want to memorize words I can memorize say 10,000 words or 50,000 words but computer can contain a dictionary with hundreds of thousands of words now even the mind aspect that integration may also be done by machines and may be in future research of the brain we may find out further information about the brain also but the experiential aspect is something which just cannot be so so the experience of pleasure, pain, excitement frustration agony none of these things we have so we will just have a machine capable of processing information in a very impressive way but there will be no emotion and emotions they can be distractions but emotions are what make life so there can be functionality but without any experience so the capacity to experience and that is the irreducible difference between humans and machines